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SỞ GD-ĐT TỈNH BÌNH DƯƠNG

TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN

HÙNG VƯƠNG

ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI ĐỀ XUẤT

(Đáp án gồm 7 trang)

KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG

THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ

ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ LẦN THỨ XV -NĂM 2024

Môn: TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 10

Thời gian: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)

LISTENING (50 points)

Part 1. For questions 1-5, listen and complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE

WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. - (2 pts for each correct answer)

1. £240

2. fitness centre/center

3. swimming pool

4. trainers

5. midnight/ 24.00

Part 2: For questions 6-10, listen to a short talk about how cigarettes affect our body and decide

whether

the

following

statements

are

true

(T)

or

false

(F).

Write

your

answers

in

the

corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points) – (2pts for each correct answer)

6. T

7. F

8. F

9. T

10. T

Part 3. You will hear a radio interview about meals and consuming food. For questions 11-15,

choose the answer (А, В, C or D) which fits best according to what you hea. Write your answers

in the corresponding numbered boxes on your answer sheet. (10 points) – (2pts for each correct

answer)

11. D

12. B

13. A

14. C

15. A

Part 4. You will hear a short talk about history of the movement for gender equality. For

questions 16-25, fill in the blank with ONE word which fits best complete the passage. Write your

answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on your answer sheet. – (2pts for each correct

answer)

16. aspirations

17. inferior

18. education

19. decent work

20. catalyzed

21. political rights

22. status

23. oppression

24. subordination

25. accommodations

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LEXICO-GRAMMAR (40 pts)

PART 1: Choose the answer A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.

Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (20 pts)

ANSWERS

1. A

2. B

3. D

4. D

5. C

6. D

7. D

8. D

9. C

10. A

11. C

12. D

13. C

14. A

15. B

16. A

17. B

18. D

19. B

20. B

PART 2: Give the correct form of each bracketed word in the following sentences. Write your

answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts)

ANSWERS

1. layover

2. intoxicated

3. uncomprehending

4. lightweight

5. liquefaction

6. downcast

7. mash-ups

8. sidestep

9. moonscape

10. livestock

PART 3: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition or particle.

Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts)

ANSWERS

1. over

2. on

3. under

4. down

5. in

6. up

7. on

8. away

9. on

10. down

READING (60 pts)

PART 1: Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Write your

answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 pts)

ANSWERS

1. B

2. A

3. D

4. B

5. D

6. C

7. D

8. B

9. A

10. D

PART 2: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE

word in each space. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 pts)

ANSWERS

1. as

2. titles

3. love

4. in

5. another

6. stand

7. how

8. other

9. world

10. which

PART 3: Read the text below and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think best fits

according to the text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 pts)

ANSWERS

1. C

2. B

3. D

4. A

5. A

6. A

7. B

8. C

9. D

10. B

PART 4: Read the text below and do the task. Write your answers in the corresponding

numbered boxes. (15 pts)

ANSWERS

1. x

2. ii

3. v

4. ix

5. i

6. D

7. C

8. F

9. YES

10. NG

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WRITING (50 points)

PART 1. The chart shows the percentage of people who accessed news from 4 sources from

1995 and projection to 2025. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main

features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. (20 pts)

The mark given to part 1 is based on the following criteria:

1. Content: (7 pts)

All the relevant information has been included. Students provide a clear and accurate overall

sentence. Make general remarks and effective comparisons.

2. Organisation: (7 pts)

The analysis of the figure must be written logically. Information given must be interpreted in a

coherence and cohesion manner.

3. Use of language (6 pts)

Appropriate linking words and phrases as well as a good level of grammar have been used. Also,

the vocabulary is accurately used.

PART 2. Write an essay of 250 words about this topic. (30 pts)

Some people believe that zoos serve no useful purpose and should be closed down. Others

argue that zoos play a vital role in conservation efforts and public education. Do you agree or

disgree?

The mark given to essay writing is based on the following criteria:

1. Organization (5 pts)

a. Ideas are well organized and presented with coherence, cohesion and unity.

b. The essay is well-structured:

* Introduction is presented with clear thesis statement.

* Body paragraph are written with unity, coherence and cohesion. Each body paragraph must have a

topic sentence and supporting details and examples when necessary.

* Conclusion summarizes the main points and offers personal opinions (prediction,

recommendation, consideration...) on the issue.

2. Content (15 pts)

a. All requirements of the task are sufficiently addressed.

b. Ideas are adequately supported and elaborated with relevant and reliable explanations, examples,

evidence....

3. Language use (10 pts)

a. Demonstration of a variety of topic-related vocabulary.

b. Excellent use and control of grammatical structures (verb tenses, word forms, voice...) and

mechanics (spelling, punctuations...).

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TRANSCRIPT

Part 1:

S = Former student, Shannon Fleet

E = Employee

E: Hello, Ratner Athletics Centre; how can I help you?

S: Yes, hi. I’m interested in finding out some information about membership

E: Certainly. Are you a student?

S: No. Is that a problem? I was a student here two years ago …

E: Alright, that’s no problem. Current students get memberhsip for no charge (Example), but

recreational memberships are also available for purchase for university faculty, staff, alumni, and

retirees, as well as their spouses and children.

S: Ok, good. How much does it cost?

E: (Q1) For an alumnus, that's two hundred and forty pounds annually, or one hundred pounds

for a month.

S: Oh. That's quite expensive. It's a shame I didn't take advantage of the athletics facility when I

was a student here. I'll have to think about this.

E: Well, we do offer a really excellent facility. For the cost, members have access to the (Q2)

Emily Pankhurst Fitness Centre, which is a beautiful exercise space open and full of light. The

fitness centre includes two weight circuits, free weights, rowing machines, elliptical trainers,

recumbent and upright bicycles, step mills, and treadmills and many many other activities. But the

most prominent, and I'd have to say popular, feature of the Ratner Centre is (Q3) the Dalton

swimming pool. It's 50 metres by 25 metres and includes up to 20 lanes in the 25-metre dimension

and nine lanes in the 50-metre dimension, and also has two one-metre diving boards available.

What activities, specifically, are you interested in?

S: Yes, well, I'm interested in swimming, and also in getting started with some weight training,

although I've never tried it before in my life. I feel rather intimidated, actually. Is there instruction

available? You know, someone to teach me to use the machines and maybe help me figure out a

training programme to reach my goals?

E: Yes, we have (Q4) personal trainers available for an additional cost. We also offer fitness

evaluation, which by the way I highly recom- mend for someone just starting out with weight

training, and you would be orientated to the machines as part of this.

S: Oh, one more thing. What are the opening hours?

E: We're open (Q5) from six in the morning to midnight on weekdays and from six in the

morning to nine p.m. on weekends.

S: Oh, that's good. Alright, well, I guess I'd like to join.

Part 2: https://youtu.be/Y18Vz51Nkos?si=drUEUUPlBUyR-PMA

Cigarettes aren’t good for us. That’s hardly news. We’ve known about the dangers of

smoking for decades. But how exactly do cigarettes harm us?

Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how

we benefit physically when we finally give up smoking. With each inhalation, smoke brings its

more than 5,000 chemical substances into contact with the body’s tissues. (Q6) From the start,

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tar, a black, resinous material, begins to coat the teeth and gums, damaging tooth enamel, and

eventually causing decay. Over time, smoke also damages nerve-endings in the nose, causing loss

of smell. Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the likelihood of infections, as well as

chronic diseases like bronchitis and emphysema. It does this by damaging the cilia, tiny hairlike

structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean. It then fills the alveoli, tiny air sacs that enable

the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood.

(Q7) A toxic gas called carbon monoxide crosses that membrane into the blood,

binding to haemoglobin and displacing the oxygen it would usually have transported around

the body. That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen deprivation and shortness of

breath. Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called (Q7) nicotine to the

brain, triggering the release of dopamine and other neurotransmitters including endorphins that

create the pleasurable sensations which make smoking highly addictive.

Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette simultaneously cause constriction of blood

vessels and damage their delicate endothelial lining, restricting blood flow. These vascular effects

lead to thickening of blood vessel walls and enhance blood platelet stickiness, increasing the

likelihood that clots will form and trigger heart attacks and strokes.

Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can trigger dangerous mutations in the body’s DNA

that make cancers form. Additionally, ingredients like arsenic and nickel may disrupt the process of

DNA repair, thus compromising the body’s ability to fight many cancers. In fact, about one of every

three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking. And it’s not just lung cancer.

Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and

weakened bones. (Q8) It makes it harder for women to get pregnant. And in men, it can cause

erectile dysfunction. But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with almost

immediate and long-lasting physical benefits. Just 20 minutes after a smoker’s final cigarette, their

heart rate and blood pressure begin to return to normal. After 12 hours, carbon monoxide levels

stabilize, increasing the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity. A day after ceasing, heart attack risk

begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates normalize.

After two days, the nerve endings responsible for smell and taste start to recover. Lungs

become healthier after about one month, with less coughing and shortness of breath. The delicate

hairlike cilia in the airways and lungs start recovering within weeks and are restored after 9 months,

improving resistance to infection. By the one-year anniversary of quitting, heart disease risk

plummets to half as blood vessel function improves. Five years in, the chance of a clot forming

dramatically declines, and the risk of stroke continues to reduce. (Q9) After ten years, the chances

of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair

DNA is once again restored. Fifteen years in, the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease

is essentially the same as that of a non-smoker.

There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve. Quitting can lead to anxiety and

depression, resulting from nicotine withdrawal. But fortunately, such effects are usually temporary.

And quitting is getting easier, thanks to a growing arsenal of tools. (Q10) Nicotine replacement

therapy

through

gum,

skin

patches,

lozenges,

and

sprays

may

help

wean

smokers

off

cigarettes. They work by stimulating nicotine receptors in the brain and thus preventing

withdrawal symptoms, without the addition of other harmful chemicals. Counselling and

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support groups, cognitive behavioural therapy, and moderate-intensity exercise also help smokers

stay cigarette-free. That’s good news since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to

health.

Part 3:

Host: I’m talking to chef Heston Blumenthal. Now, Heston, most of us think that the business of

eating is pretty simple, don’t we? We eat things and we like the taste of them or we don’t, but you

reckon it’s more complicated than that, don’t you?

Heston: (Q11) Yes, eating is a process that involves all the senses. Any notion that food is

simply about taste is misguided. Try eating a beautifully cooked piece of fish off a paper plate

with a plastic knife and fork – it is not the same.

Host: So how does taste operate then?

Heston: The sense of taste can be broken down into five basic categories, all of which happen in

the mouth and nowhere else. These categories are: salt, sweet, sour, bitter and umami – the most

recently identified taste. There is a current theory that fat is a taste but this has yet to be proved. We

have up to 10,000 taste buds on the tongue and in the mouth. These regenerate, so the receptors we

use today will not be the same as were used a couple of days ago. (Q12) When we eat, taste buds

on our tongue pick up taste but not flavour. The molecules in food that provide flavour pass

up into the olfactory bulb situated between the eyes at the front of the brain. It contains

hundreds of receptors that register molecules contained in everything that we eat and smell.

This is where the flavour of the food is registered.

Host: OK, so our sense of smell is connected with flavour rather than taste? Is that what you’re

saying?

Heston: That’s right. Smell and taste are registered in different parts of the head. There is a simple

but effective and enjoyable way of demonstrating this. Have ready some table salt and biscuits,

fruits or anything easy to eat. Squeeze your nostrils tightly enough to prevent breathing through

them, but not so tight as to hurt. (Q13) Take a good bite of biscuit or fruit and start chomping,

making sure the nostrils remain clenched. You’ll notice that it is impossible to perceive the

flavour or smell of the food being eaten. Now, with nostrils still squeezed and food still in the

mouth, lick some salt. Although it was impossible to detect the flavour of the food that was

being eaten with clenched nostrils, the taste of the salt is unhindered. Finally, let go of your

nostrils and notice the flavour of the food come rushing into your headspace.

Host: I’ll definitely try that some time. So what you’re saying is that all the senses can affect your

experience when you eat?

Heston: Yes, the brain has to process information given to it by other senses while we are eating,

sometimes with surprising results. Here’s another example. A few years ago at a sommelier school

in France, trainee wine waiters were put through a routine wine tasting. Unknown to them, a white

wine that they had just tasted had been dyed red with a non-flavoured food dye, then brought back

out to taste and evaluate. Something very interesting happened. They all made notes on the

assumption that the wine was what it looked like – red. In this case, the eyes totally influenced taste

perception.

Host: OK, so it’s not just about taste, all the senses are coming into play in different ways.

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Heston: Yes, and as well as allowing us to enjoy food, the senses act as warning systems, taste

being the last of the sensory barriers, and bitterness the last of the taste barriers. (Q14) A natural

aversion to bitterness can prevent us from eating foods that could be harmful, although it

appears that we have the ability to modify such basic likes and dislikes. For example, we

generally grow to like bitter foods such as tea, coffee and beer as we grow older.

Host: What got you interested in this business of the role played by various senses in the

experience of eating? Was it just professional curiosity?

Heston: Well, I began thinking about this whole subject a couple of years ago when I noticed that

more and more customers at my restaurant were commenting on the fact that the red cabbage with

grain-mustard ice cream served as an appetiser just got better each time they ate it. This was the

only dish on the menu whose recipe had not changed over the past year. (Q15) It seemed that the

barrier being presented with this dish was the vivid purple colour of the cabbage, a colour not

normally associated with food. To some diners, the initial difficulty of accepting this colour

interfered with the appreciation of the dish, but as they got used to it, they lost their inhibition and

simply enjoyed its flavour.

Host: I see. Now, of course the sense of smell must com e…

Part 4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q93N-wlqFqE

Gender equality also known as sexual equality is the state of equal ease of access to resources and

opportunities regardless of gender including economic participation and decision making and the

state of valuing different behaviors (Q16) aspirations and needs equally regardless of gender.

Throughout history, women have faced intense discrimination from a lack of legal rights and very

little independence from their husbands to being thought to have (Q17) inferior brains. For

example in 1691, following criticism for studying secular texts, none saw Juana Nestor la Cruz of

Mexico memorably defended women's rights to (Q18) education in 1691 by proclaiming one can

perfectly well philosophize while cooking supper. A national icon today she appears on Mexican

currency also in 1860 and a philosophic co-founded a society to provide support to the poor

including not only affordable housing wood also (Q19) decent work for women. And another

example is Doria Shafiq she (Q20) catalyzed the women's rights movement in Egypt. When in

1951 she alongside 1,500 women stormed Parliament demanding full (Q21) political rights pay

equality and reforms to personal status laws. These efforts along with countless others to come

helped pave the way to women's right to vote in 1956. From its early origins and cataloguing great

women in history in the 1970s have turned to recording ordinary women's expectations aspirations

and (Q22) status. Then with the rise of the feminist movement the emphasis shifted in the 1980s

towards

exposing

the

(Q23)

oppression

of

women

and

examining

how

they

responded

to

discrimination and (Q24) subordination. In more recent times women's history has moved to

charting female agency recognizing women's strategies (Q25) accommodations and negotiations

within a male-dominated world. Although it developed out of a feminist agenda gender history has

somewhat different objectives.

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